The problem of the relationship between formal logic and philosophy, which arose when formal logic arose, continues to concern both Soviet and foreign philosophers and logicians. Interest in this problem is traceable to a number of factors, among which, it should be noted at the outset, is the appearance of dialectical, logic. With the emergence of dialectical logic, the question of the relationship of formal logic to philosophy is posed anew. No matter how we approach the question of the subject (...) matter of dialectical logic, there is no doubt of the fact that, being logic, it is concerned with the investigation of philosophical problems. It follows that logic is at the same time philosophy or, at least, a portion of philosophy. (shrink)

In speaking of the reasons for the appearance of semantics, certain writers note the following three problems the solution of which demanded semantic analysis: 1) the problem of antinomies; 2) the problem of refining and explaining the basic concepts of formalized logic and mathematics; and 3) the problem of the complete formalization of logic.

By the "logic of scientific knowledge," or simply "the logic of science" we mean the discipline in philosophy concerned with the application of the techniques and methods of logic to scientific knowledge. In studying certain aspects of the logic of scientific knowledge it is possible to employ successfully not only the methods of dialectical logic but those of formal logic. It is the latter that will be the special concern of the present article.